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Indonesian People

The official state motto of Indonesia that have been promoted since 50 years ago is known as Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity). However, along with the country’s development, the Indonesian people are commonly divided based on ethnicities, religion, tribes, clans, and even castes. Besides that, there are also class societies which pretty much determined by the wealth status of the people. These volatile aspects have been making broad gaps in the Indonesian People. To give a more statistic scale of the tribes diversion, here is the illustration: the Sundanese (14%) from western Java, the Madurese (7.5%) from the island of Madura, and Coastal Malays (7.5%), mostly from Sumatra, the Javanese (45%) of central and eastern Java. The other 26% consists of the Balinese, the Acehnese and Minangkabau of Sumatra, the Iban and Dayaks of Kalimantan, and a bewildering patchwork of groups in Nusa Tenggara and Papua.

Indonesian people live happily side by side in most parts of Indonesia territory, however, some ethnic conflicts have been happening in some remote areas of Indonesia. There is a policy initiated by the Dutch called as the transmigration (transmigrasi) which was continued in the regime of Soeharto. This policy was basically to resettle the Indonesia people, especially the Javanese, Maduranese and Balinese to new resettlements which are not crowded. The transmigration people were sometimes hated by the locals, due to their privileged and insensitive. It happened particularly in Papua and Kalimantan, and it sometimes arouse into violent conflict.

One prominent ethnic that will be found almost in every part of Indonesia are the Indonesian Chinese. They are also called as Tionghoa, or to some extent refering to offensive Cina. The population of the Indonesian Chinese is estimated to be around 3% of the National population, or it is around 6-7 millions. Despite of their minority number, they are able to give a great influence on the National Economic growth. For example, based on the data of the Jakarta Stock Exchange, there are approximately 70% companies which are controlled by the Indonesian Chinese. They have thus been subject to persecution, with Chinese forcibly relocated into urban areas in the 1960s, forced to adopt Indonesian names and bans imposed on teaching Chinese and displaying Chinese characters. Anti-Chinese pogroms have also take place, notably in the 1965-66 anti-Communist purges after Suharto’s coup and again in 1998 after his downfall, when over 1100 people were killed in riots in Jakarta and other major cities. However, the post-Reformasi governments have overturned most of the discriminatory legislation, and Chinese writing and Chinese festivals have made a tentative reappearance.

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Brief History of Indonesia

The History of Indonesia was started by the presence of many kingdoms spreading all around the archipelago. The two most well-known kingdoms which laid a great importance in the History of Indonesia were Sriwijaya and Majapahit. The Sriwijaya kingdom was located on Sumatera and ruled from the 7th to 14th century. While Majapahit kingdom was located on the eastern Java and it was the first kingdom that was able to unite all main islands in the archipelago, such as Java, Borneo (Kalimantan),Sumatera, Bali and also some parts of the Malay Peninsula.

The History of Indonesia cannot be separated from the Europe colonization. Marco Polo was passing though the Indonesian Archipelago in the late 1200s, but the first to arrive and land on Indonesia were the Portuguese. They landed near to the place that is now called as Jakarta in 1522. The Portuguese colonization didn’t last very long, and by the end of 16th century the Dutch took over the power. The Dutch colonization in Indonesia (especially in Java) was more secured in 1619, when they won the razing of an English competing fort. The Dutch colonization was lasting for the next 350 years

The History of Indonesia was then followed by the arising of many Nationalist groups in the early 1900s. These Nationalist movements were tackled by the Dutch immediately. The Nationalist group’s leaders were arrested and exiled in order to put down the spirit. Not long after that the World War II happened, and the Japanese defeated the Dutch conquering most parts of Indonesia islands. After the World War II ended, Soekarno and Hatta were forced by the youth to immediately taking an advantage of the power un-occupancy in Indonesia. They then declared the Independence of the Republic Indonesia on August 17th, 1945, and they are known as the founding fathers of Indonesia. The Independence declaration was not admitted by the Dutch until December 27th, 1949. Following the Dutch admittance, the 1950 constitution was established as an attempt to implement the Liberal democracy that had 2 parliament chambers. The first Indonesian election was then conducted in 1955.

Sukarno’s tribute to independence and unity — National Monument, Jakarta

Soekarno disbanded the parliament and cabinet himself in 1959. He then assigned himself as a PM and created a parliament under his autocratic rule called as a Guided Democracy. Soekarno was disappointed with the West policies and decided to make an alignment with Moscow. He then established a new Communist party, and assigned Dr Subandrio as the deputy PM and intelligence chief. During the implementation of the Guided Democaracy, the government faced many striking problems. The hardest ones were the revolution attempted by the communist, the rebellion of the anti-communist that was backed up by CIA in West Sumatera and North Sulawesi, and also the 7th Fleet offshore.

There new era of the History of Indonesia was then continued in 1965, when Dr. Subandrio constructed a document that was supposedly taken from the British Embassy. The document contained a detailed plan of a military coup d’état. Because of this threatening document, the Presidential guard under Colonel Untung conducted prevention attempt by killing the officers involved and announced that Dr. Subandrio supported by some other leftist Indonesian leaders had established a Revolutionary Council as an attempt to take over the governmental power. Then, General Soeharto was assigned to put down any rebellion attempt under Dr’ Subandrio and was successfully done within a single day only. After that Soekarno was slided, and the power was seized by Soeharto himself. He then proclaimed a new era of governmental system known as a New Order (Order Baru). Under Soeharto command, the anti-communist movements were initiated. The result led to the death of around 500,000 – 2,000.000 people.

Soeharto ruled Indonesia from 1966 to 1997. During his government, Indonesia experienced an economic growth and stability. However, any opposing movement confronting the government policies would be slaughtered. The country’s wealth was also enjoyed by small corrupt elite only. Coming to the year of 1997 when the Asian economic crisis happened, the Reformation movement was burning up because the Indonesian rupiah felt resulting in the decrease purchasing ability of the ordinary Indonesians twice as much as before. Because of this rebellion, Soeharto was brought down and the new democratic system took place.

The Indonesian Independence Declaration declared that West Papua was included in the Indonesian archipelago, but the Dutch was not admitted it until 1960s. It led to an army conflict. An attempt for a peace was conducted under the UN representation, and finally a referendum was established stating that West Papua was a part of Indonesia. West Papua was then renamed as Irian Jaya containing an abbreviation that stands for Ikut (part of) Republic of Indonesia, Anti Netherlands.

The East Timor as the former of the Portuguese colony was seized into Indonesian in 1975, but it was resisted by the East Timor army. The armed resistance led to the civil war for over decades, but on August 30th 1999, there was a provincial referendum for independence that was supported by the majority of East Timor people. The Indonesian government reluctantly accepted the referendum, and eventually, East Timor declared its independence in 2002.

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Indonesia Books in English

Below are some great Indonesia Books which are sold in amazon. If you like to learn more about Indonesia, reading these Indonesia books would be very helpful. There are also several books about Learn Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesia Language). By learning Bahasa Indoesia, it will help you a lot when you visit Indonesia or Bali.

Rosetta Stone V2: Indonesian
Level 1
by Rosetta Stone

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Product Features

Rosetta Stone helps you understand everyday language through our proficiency-based listening and reading activities
You will pronounce words correctly after practicing with our proprietary speech comparison tool
Find the words you need when you need them Connecting new language directly to real-life images means the words spring to mind when you’re in everyday contexts
Rosetta Stone teaches you to spell and write accurately Language-specific keyboards and drag and drop tiles perfect your writing skills
Learn to communicate by quickly combining words and phrases into complete sentences and dialogue

You learned your first language without translation.
You learned your first language easily and naturally by connecting words to objects and events around you. With Rosetta Stone, learn a new language the same way: using native speakers and thousands of real-life images to help you think in the new language from the very beginning. Studies show that learning exclusively in the new language, without translation as a crutch, is crucial.

Rosetta Stone’s exclusive Dynamic Immersion method reinforces your natural language-learning skills with award-winning instructional technology.

The timeless immersion method, along with research-based techniques and new technologies, make Rosetta Stone the clear solution to your language-learning needs.

What will you be able to do?

Understand everyday language.
Through Rosetta Stone’s proficiency-based listening and reading activities, you’ll soon be able to understand everyday language.

Pronounce words correctly.
After practicing with Rosetta Stone’s proprietary speech comparison tool, the correct pronunciation of words will come easily.

Find the words you need when you need them.
Connecting new language directly to real-life images means the words spring to mind when you’re in everyday contexts.

Spell and write accurately.
Language-specific keyboards and drag-and-drop tiles perfect your writing skills.

Learn to communicate.
You’ll quickly combine words and phrases into complete sentences and dialogues.

Retain what you learn.
Regular reinforcement of new words and phrases in new contexts ensures the language sticks with you in the real world.

Indonesian: A Comprehensive Grammar
(Routledge Grammars)
(Paperback)
by James N Sneddon

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Product Description
One of best Indonesia Books is Indonesian: A Comprehensive Grammar provides a description of the structure of the Indonesian language written in a clear, non-technical manner. It is a complete reference guide to the language as it is spoken and written by native speakers and can readily be used by speakers of Indonesian who have no linguistic background.

To aid clarity, all word groups and structures discussed are illustrated by natural examples. Each section can be read independently, enabling the reader to focus on one aspect of the language, if desired. All major structures of Indonesian, from words to complex sentences are described in detail and common grammatical terms are defined in the glossary.

Archipelago : Islands of Indonesia
(Hardcover)
by Gavan Daws

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Amazon.com Review
In the mid-1850s, a young English naturalist named Alfred Russel Wallace journeyed to the Malay Archipelago, where he would spend eight years in what he later called “the central and controlling incident” of his life. Collecting data on the plant and animal life of the then-remote islands, Wallace slowly formulated ideas of the origins and divergence of species. In 1858, he sent a manuscript containing some of those ideas to Charles Darwin, who incorporated Wallace’s work in his theory of natural selection–and who, some critics have charged, appropriated many of Wallace’s discoveries as his own.

In this richly illustrated book, historian Gavan Daws and biologist Marty Fujita follow Wallace’s trail through the islands of Indonesia, visiting the Moluccas, Bali, Irian Jaya, and other extraordinary treasuries of biological diversity–for, as they point out, although Indonesia comprises only 1.3 percent of the world’s surface, it harbors nearly a quarter of the world’s species. Their naturalistic travelogue includes a careful discussion of Wallace’s ideas and of how he came to hold them through the course of his remarkable body of fieldwork. In doing so, they emphasize the importance of Wallace’s contributions to demographics, the theory of island biodiversity, and other tenets of modern biological thought. The result is an unusually instructive, and unusually handsome, book of scientific adventure. –Gregory McNamee

From Library Journal
The Indonesian archipelago was the natural laboratory of 19th-century naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace who developed the theory of evolution at the same time as and independently of Charles Darwin. This lavishly illustrated book traces his explorations and comments on the biodiversity crisis that will affect the 21st century. The authors (Daws is a historian and Fujita is founding director of The Nature Conservancy’s Indonesia program) do a fine job of interspersing excerpts from Wallace’s journals and papers, along with their narrative of his exploits, with modern descriptions of flora, fauna, and conservation needs. Chapters dealing with individual islands, or groups of islands, begin with Wallace’s experiences there and continue to current descriptions of conditions and concerns. The magnificent color photographs work well to support the text. This book serves as an urgent call for awareness and conservation of these unique and important islands. Useful in many subject collections, including evolution, biodiversity, natural history, and travel, and suitable for all public libraries. This is also one of the best Indonesia Books.

-Nancy J. Moeckel, Miami Univ. Libs., Oxford, OH
Copyright 2000 Reed Business Information, Inc.

Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in Indonesia
(Cambridge Asia-Pacific Studies) (Paperback)
by Jacques Bertrand

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Review
“…a set that will stand as the most valuable resource on British theater for some time to come. Essential.”
Choice

“a valuable contribution to scholarship through nineteen fine essays”
Sixteenth Century Journal

“This work makes delightful reading” Renaissance Quarterly Frederick Tollini, Santa Clara University

Product Description
Since the end of Suharto’s long authoritarian rule in 1998, there has been a dramatic increase in the rise of ethnic and religious conflict in Indonesia. Jacques Bertrand argues that these conflicts were the result of the constraints imposed by Suharto’s regime, which left the country unprepared for political and social change. Consequently, the very definition of the Indonesian nation and what it means to be Indonesian has come under scrutiny. The book is a major contribution to the understanding of religious and ethnic conflict in a complex and often misunderstood arena. If you are searching for Indonsia books, this book is great to read.

A History of Modern Indonesia
(Paperback)
by Adrian Vickers

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Review
“Vickers’s Modern Indonesia is no one-thing-after-the-other textbook. Innovatively framed around the writings of Pramoedya Ananta Toer, and invoking the arresting insights of Indonesian novelists and playwrights, it provides a stimulating, fresh understanding of Indonesia’s modern, often tragic, trajectory. This is not a book written over the shoulders of nationalist politicians and military officers, but one that evokes the senses, flavours, turmoils and smells of everyday life in that irresistably complicated country.” –R.E. Elson, Professor of Southeast Asian history, The University of Queensland

“I think this will become the standard history textbook on Indonesia for introductory classes and it will last because it is so beautifully written. I suspect it will set a new standard also because of the interpretations taken, implicit as they are.” — Gerry van Klinken, H-Asia

“Vickers interprets 20th-century Indonesian history through the writings of the Indonesian novelist Pramoedya Ananta Toer. A Marxist, Toer sees the colonial period as oppressive, believes strongly in the hope of the national movement for social revolution, laments the failure of this goal during the early independence period, and strongly opposes the New Order (1966-1998), with its emphasis on development rather than revolution and its authoritarian, militaristic base.”
Choice

“Adrian Vickers uses a unique style to provide his readers with a view of twentieth-century Indonesia…A History of Modern Indonesia is a thorough and informative account of Indonesia’s history and political development in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.” – Florence Lamoureux

“Vickers draws a compelling narrative of cogent historical detail, while also incorporating insights from other disciplines such as literature, anthopology, sociology and political science.” – Trevor W. Preston, University of Toronto, Canada

“Vickers has written a useful book that provides an entertaining and mostly informative account of a country whose history should be better known.” – David Webster, University of Toronto

Product Description
Although Indonesia has the fourth largest population in the world, its history is still relatively unknown. Adrian Vickers takes the reader on a journey across the social and political landscape of modern Indonesia, starting with the country’s origins under the Dutch in the early twentieth-century, and the subsequent anti-colonial revolution which led to independence in 1949. Thereafter the spotlight is on the 1950s, a crucial period in the formation of Indonesia as a new nation, followed by the Sukarno years, and the anti-Communist massacres of the 1960s when General Suharto took over as president. The concluding chapters chart the fall of Suharto’s New Order after thirty two years in power, and the subsequent political and religious turmoil which culminated in the Bali bombings in 2002. Adrian Vickers is Professor of Asian Studies at the University of Wollongong. He has previously worked at the Universities of New South Wales and Sydney, and has been a visiting fellow at the University of Indonesia and Udayana University (Bali). Vickers has more than twenty-five years research experience in Indonesia and the Netherlands, and has travelled in Southeast Asia, the U.S. and Europe in the course of his research. He is author of the acclaimed Bali: a Paradise Created (Penguin, 1989) as well as many other scholarly and popular works on Indonesia. In 2003 Adrian Vickers curated the exhibition Crossing Boundaries, a major survey of modern Indonesian art, and has also been involved in documentary films, including Done Bali (Negara Film and Television Productions, 1993). This is one of the best Indonesia books.

Indonesia: Peoples and Histories
(Paperback)
by Jean Gelman Taylor

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Review
. . . . One great historical essay. . . . [that] provides insight into the many levels of Indonesian history and society. — Choice

. . . . Taylor’s. . . .approach challenges and opens the mind. . . . [She] is a voluptuous writer. — Jaime James, Los Angeles Times Book Review –This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.

“Clear, erudite, and authoritative, this book provides a rich coverage of the vast tapestry of Indonesian society.”—Ben Kiernan, Yale University

“Jean Gelman Taylor has written an authoritative, accessible and interesting book that brings a new vividness to Indonesian history. She guides her readers on an absorbing journey through Indonesia’s complex past. Her original approach has produced a work that will engage the general reader, stimulate the student and challenge the specialist.”—Barbara Watson Andaya, University of Hawaii. If you want to learn about Indonesian people and also the histories, you better read this Indonesia books.

A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1200
Fourth Edition
by M.C. Ricklefs

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Review
“Covering an enormous span of eight centuries, this history is systematic, balanced, sympathetic to its subjects, authoritative for every period under review, and deeply intelligent. It is, in my view, the finest historical survey of Indonesia ever written and one of the most accessible and comprehensive of any Asian realm.” —Victor Lieberman, University of Michigan

Product Description
Recognized as the most authoritative general account of Indonesia, this revised and expanded fourth edition has been updated in light of new scholarship. New chapters at the end of the book bring the story up to the present day, including discussion of recent events such as the 2002 Bali terrorist bombings and the 2004 tsunami.

Globe Trekker, Indonesia
(Double DVD)
Starring: Megan McCormick; Mark Crowdy

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Product Description
3 Episodes: Bali & Sulawesi, Java & Sumatra, and The Eastern Islands. Thirteen thousand floating emerald islands make up the Indonesian archipelago stretching 3,000 miles from Asia to teh Pacific. With a population of 175 million, it’s the world’s largest Moslem nation and one of the most culturally diverse regions in the world. Joing travelers Megan McCormick, Shilpa Mehta and Mark Crowdy as they visit the archipelagos major islands of Bali, Sulawesi, Java, Sumatra, Lombok, Komodo and Flores. Along the way… Relax with a massage on Kuta Beach. Take part in Bali’s New Year celebrations. Come face to face with a Komodo Dragon. Marvel at the dramatic Sulphuric lakes in Flores. Climb the Anak Krakatau volcano – The site of one of the world’s most violent eruptions.

Indonesia (Lonely Planet Travel Guides)
Paperback)
by Justine Vaisutis

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Review
…Lonely Planet, the intrepid traveler’s bible…’ –Los Angeles Times, April 2005

Product Description
Stretch your hand through ancient stone latticework to touch the lucky Buddhas atop Java’s majestic Borobudur.

Drink with the deceased (and try not to slip on buffalo blood!) at an elaborate and riotous Torajan funeral.

Sniff out the infamous durian, scaly salak or spiky rumbutan at a local fruit market.

Step aside as a giant Komodo dragon swaggers slowly by, with the confidence only 100kg of top-of-the-food-chain lizard can exude.

Eleven authors, more than 300 days of in-country research, 73 ferry trips, 197 detailed maps, 205 bowls of nasi goreng. Includes in-depth information on volcano trekking, surfing, diving, orang-utan watching and the best adventure opportunities across the entire archipelago.

Lonely planet have several great books about traveling, they also wrote several Indonesia books, this is one of the best.

Introduction to Indonesian Language and Culture
(Book.1 Paperback)
by Yohanni Johns

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Product Description
this two-volume set presents graded courses in Bahasa Indonesia. It is used by universities all over the world and is accessible to those who wish to master the language through self-study at the intermediate and advanced levels.

Learn to Speak and Understand Indonesian with Pimsleur Language Programs
(Simon & Schuster’s Pimsleur) [ABRIDGED] [AUDIOBOOK] (Audio CD)
by Pimsleur

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What is the Pimsleur® difference?
The Pimsleur Method provides the most effective language-learning program ever developed. The Pimsleur Method gives you quick command of Indonesian structure without tedious drills. Learning to speak Indonesian can actually be enjoyable and rewarding.

The key reason most people struggle with new languages is that they aren’t given proper instruction, only bits and pieces of a language. Other language programs sell only pieces — dictionaries; grammar books and instructions; lists of hundreds or even thousands of words and definitions; audios containing useless drills. They leave it to you to assemble these pieces as you try to speak. Pimsleur enables you to spend your time learning to speak the language rather than just studying its parts.

When you were learning English, could you speak before you knew how to conjugate verbs? Of course you could. That same learning process is what Pimsleur replicates. Pimsleur presents the whole language as one integrated piece so you can succeed.

If you are searching indonesia books to learn Bahasa Indonesia, this book is recommended.

With Pimsleur you get:
• Grammar and vocabulary taught together in everyday conversation,
• Interactive audio-only instruction that teaches spoken language organically,
• The flexibility to learn anytime, anywhere,
• 30-minute lessons designed to optimize the amount of language you can learn in one sitting.

Millions of people have used Pimsleur to gain real conversational skills in new languages quickly and easily, wherever and whenever — without books, written exercises, or drills.

About the Author
Dr. Pimsleur devoted his life to language teaching and was one of the world’s leading experts in applied linguistics. After obtaining his Ph.D. in French from Columbia University, he taught French Phonetics and Phonemics, and supervised the language laboratory at UCLA. He went on to become Professor of Romance Languages and Language Education, and Director of The Listening Center at Ohio State University; Professor of Education and Romance Languages at the State University of New York at Albany; and a Fulbright lecturer at the University of Heidelberg. Dr. Pimsleur was a member of the American Association of Teachers of French (AATF), American Educational Research Association (AERA), Modern Language Association (MLA), and a founding member of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL). His many books and articles revolutionized theories of language learning and teaching. After years of experience and research, Dr. Pimsleur developed a new method that is based on two key principles: the Principle of Anticipation and a scientific principle of memory that he called Graduated Interval Recall. This program incorporates both of these principles to provide you with the most simple and effective learning method possible.

Teach Yourself Indonesian Complete Course Audiopack
(Paperback)
by Christopher Byrnes

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Bestselling language courses now with audio CDs !
From Catonese to Thai, Gaelic to Modern Persian, learning the languages of the world is attainable for any beginning student. Learners can use the Teach Yourself Language Courses at their own pace or as a supplement to formal courses. These complete courses are based on thievery latest learning methods and designed to be enjoyable and user-friendly.

Prepared by experts in the language, each course begins with the basics and gradually promotes the student to a level of smooth and confident communication, including:
•Up-to-date, graded interactive dialogues
•Graded units of culture notes, grammar, and exercises
•Step-by-step guide to pronunciation
•Practical vocabulary
•Regular and irregular verb tables
•Plenty of practice exercises and answers
•Bilingual glossary

The new editions also feature:
•Clear, uncluttered, and user-friendly layout
•Self-assessment quizzes to test progress
•Website suggestions to take language study further

About the Author
Christopher Byrnes is a language scholar who has taught all over the world.

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